Glycogen Metabolism

Glycogen Metabolism

Describe glycogenolysis, the role of hormones in glycogenolysis, and its functional significance.
Answer:

Glycogenolysis:

1. It is the degradation of stored glycogen in the liver and muscle.
2. Glycogen is degraded by breaking ci -1,4 & a -1,6 glycosidic bonds

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Role of hormones:

• Epinephrine and glucagon promote glycogenolysis by converting inactive phosphorylase ‘b’ to active phosphorylase ‘a’
• Elevated glucagon/epinephrine increases glycogen degradation
• Elevated insulin level increases glycogen synthesis

Functional significance:

• Glycogenolysis regulates glucose levels in the blood
• Plays an important role in the fight or flight response.
• In monocytes, it serves to provide an immediate source of glucose 6 – phosphate for glycolysis to provide energy for muscle contraction.
• In hepatocytes, glycogenolysis helps to provide glucose for uptake by cells.
• In it the phosphate group of glucose 6 – phosphate is removed by the enzyme glucose 6 – phosphatase and the free glucose exits the cell via GLUT 2 (Glucose Transporter – 2)

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