Functions Of The Liver

Functions Of The Liver

Give in detail the functions of liver.
Answer:

Functions of liver:

1. Storage function:

• Liver stores glycogen, fat, protein, vitamin A and B12, iron folic acid and amino acid.

2. Synthetic function:

• Liver synthesizes.
  1. Most of the plasma proteins specially albumin.
  2. Some clotting factors like fibrinogen, prothrombin, factor V, VII, IX and X.
  3. Enzymes like alkaline phosphatase, SGPT, SGOT.
  4. Cholesterol.

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3. Secretory function:

• Liver secretes bile.
• Bile contains bile salts, bile pigments, cholesterol, fatty acids and lecithin.
• This helps in.
  1. Activation of lipase.
  2. Breakdown of fats.

4. Metabolic function:

• Liver helps in the metabolism of
  1. Carbohydrate.
     • Liver is a site of glycogenolysis, glycogenesis and gluconeogenesis.
  2. Protein:
     • Liver synthesize plasma proteins, blood clotting factors, enzymes, urea and lipoprotein from amino acids.
  3. Fat.
     • It is site for synthesis of triglycerides, lipoproteins, cholesterol, phospholipids and aceto-acetic acid.

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5. Excretory function:

• Liver excretes.
  1. Cholesterol, bile pigments.
  2. Heavy metals like lead, arsenic.
  3. Detoxified drugs
  4. Bacteria like typhoid.
  5. Hormones like thyroid, steroid hormone.

6. Hemopoietic function:

• In fetal life, liver produces RBC.
• It stores.
  1. Vit. B12 – for erythropoiesis.
  2. Iron – for haemoglobin, for production of thrombocytes.

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7. Hemolytic function:

• Liver is a part of reticuloendothelial system.
• Thus, senile RBC are destroyed in liver.

8. Heat production:

• As metabolic reactions takes place in liver enormous amount of heat is produce in liver.

9. Inactivation of hormones and drugs:

• Liver catabolizes hormones like growth hormone, parathormone, cortisol, insulin, glucagon, testosterone and estrogen.
• Inactivates fat soluble drugs.
• Converts fat soluble drugs into water soluble substances.

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10. Body defence:

• Kupffer cells destroy the bacteria that enter the portal blood by phagocytosis.
• The cells of liver are involved in the production of interleukin and TNF which activates immune system of the body.

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11. Detoxification:

• Liver cells are involved in removal of toxic property of various harmful substances.
• It occurs by.
  1. Metabolic degradation.
  2. Conjugation with glucuronic acid/sulfates.