Formation Of The Root

Formation Of The Root

Enumerate the stages of tooth development and write about the formation of the root.
Answer:

Stages of tooth development:

• Bud stage
• Cap stage
• Bell stage
• Advanced bell stage

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Root formation:

• Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath (HFRS) plays an important role in root formation.
• HERS consists of the inner and outer epithelial layers.
• It establishes the future cementoenamel junction.
• Root formation occurs after the shape of the crown has been established.
• The layers of HERS bend at the future cementoenamel junction at a right angle to narrow the cervical opening of the developing tooth.
• The rim of the HERS the epithelial diaphragm encloses the primary epithelial layer and initiates the differentiation of odontoblasts from ectomesenchymal cells to the form dentin of the root.
• The connective tissue of the dental sac surrounding the root sheath proliferates and invades 5 rd dividing it into a network of epithelial strands.
• The epithelium is moved away from the dentinal surface.
• Due to it connective tissue cells come into contact with the outer surface of the dentin and differentiate into cementoblast to deposit a layer of cementum over the dentin.
• The Aside apical foramen is reduced first to that of diaphragmatic opening and later reduced apposition of dentin and cementum to the apex of the root.
• In this way, a single root is formed.

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For multirooted teeth:

• Expansion of the cervical opening of the enamel organ occurs which results in tongue-like extension cr the horizontal diaphragm.
• Before division, the free ends of the horizontal epithelial flaps grow towards each other and fuse.
• The single cervical opening of the enamel organ is then divided into two or three openings.
• On the pulpal surface of the dividing epithelial bridges, dentin formation starts and on the periphery reel development occurs in a similar manner as that of single-rooted teeth.

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