Fate Of Pyruvate

Fate Of Pyruvate

Question 1. Write four metabolic fates of pyruvic acid.
Answer:

The Fate of pyruvic acid:

1. In aerobic condition.

• Pyruvic acid is converted to acetyl CoA in the presence of oxygen.
• This acetyl CoA enters into the TCA cycle.

2. In gluconeogenesis.

• Pyruvic acid is converted to glucose/glycogen.
• This is used in gluconeogenesis.

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3. Transamination. 

• Pyruvic acid is converted to alanine by transamination.

4. In anaerobic conditions.

• Pyruvic acid is converted to lactic acid during anaerobic glycolysis by lactate dehydrogenase enzyme.

Question 2. Mention two inhibitors in the glycolytic pathway. How do they act?
Answer:

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Question 3. Define gluconeogenesis. Mention the key enzymes of it.
Answer:

Definition:

• The synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate compounds is known as gluconeogenesis.

Key enzymes:

• Pyruvate carboxylase
• Fructose 1, 6 – bisphosphate
• Glucose 6 – phosphatase.

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Question 4. Significance of HMP pathway.
Answer:

• The HMP pathway generates two important products.

1. Pentoses:

Used for the synthesis of nucleic acids and nucleotides.

2. NADPH:

• Required for reductive biosynthesis of fatty acids and steroids.
• Used in the synthesis of certain amino acids.
• Brings about the detoxification of drugs.
• Helps in phagocytosis.
• Essential to preserve the integrity of the RBC membrane.

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Question 5. Various glycogen storage disorders.
Answer:

The metabolic defects concerned with glycogen synthesis and degradation are referred to as glycogen storage disorders. They occur due to enzyme defects.

“Steps to explain the pathways of pyruvate: Aerobic vs anaerobic metabolism: Q&A guide”

Question 6. Von Gierker’s disease
Answer: It is a metabolic defect concerned with the glycogen synthesis

Cause:

Glucose -6- phosphatase defect

“Role of pyruvate dehydrogenase in converting pyruvate to acetyl-CoA: Questions answered”

Clinical Features:

• Enlarged liver and kidney
• Fasting hypoglycemia
• Lactic acidaemia
• Hyperlipidaemia
• Ketosis
• Gouty arthritis