Eosinophilia Asthma Treatment

Eosinophilia

Rise in eosinophils in blood to abnormal levels, i.e.greater than 0.4 × 109/L is known as eosinophilia

Causes Or Etiology Of Eosinophilia

1. Parasitic infection: Ascariasis, Hookworm disease, Wuchereria bancrofti, schistosomiasis.
2. Allergic conditions: Drug allergy, hay fever, asthma, aspergillosis
3. Skin disorders: Psoriasis, eczema, dermatitis herpetiformis
4. Tumors: Lymphoma and Myeloproliferative disorders
5. Collagen vascular disorders: Rheumatoid arthritis, Systemic lupus erythematosus
6. Hypereosinophilic syndrome
7. Miscellaneous: Addison’s Disease, Sarcoidosis.

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Types Of Pulmonary Eosinophilia

1. Cryptogenic eosinophilic pneumonia:

1. It is seen commonly in middle age females.
2. Symptoms present are fever, malaise, nausea, breathlessness, and dry cough.
3. Chest X­ray shows abnormal shadows in upper zones simulating pulmonary tubercular infiltrates.
4. Peripheral blood and sputum on examination show eosinophilia.
5. Both ESR and serum IgE levels are elevated.
6. Prednisolone is given which should be withdrawn in tapered doses after the patient gets normal.

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Drug-induced bronchopulmonary eosinophilia:

1. As the name suggests, it occurs due to drugs.
2. It starts with a cough and along with other symptoms such as fever chills and dyspnea.
3. On X-ray pulmonary infiltrates are seen.
4. Withdrawal of an offending drug and use of steroids.

Asthma Eosinophil Count Asthmatic bronchopulmonary eosinophilia:

1. It is characterized by asthma.
2. The main cause is an allergy to A. fumigatus or Candida
3. Presence of transient fleeting shadows on X-ray.
4. Peripheral blood and sputum on examination show eosinophilia.

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2. Idiopathic eosinophilic syndromes

Loeffl’s syndrome:

1. This is a benign acute eosinophilic pneumonia.
2. Various parasitic infestations are associated with it.
3. It is characterized by migratory pulmonary infiltrates.
4. There is also the presence of cough, fever, and dyspnea.

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Hypereosinophilic syndrome:

1. There is the presence of peripheral blood eosinophilia for 6 months or longer.
2. In this disease, there is lack of presence of parasitic, allergic, or other known causes of eosinophilia.
3. It leads to the multisystem organ dysfunction.
4. There is tissue infiltration by mature eosinophils as well as blood and bone marrow eosinophilia.
5. In this syndrome, organs affcted are the heart, lungs, liver, spleen, skin, and nervous system.
6. Treatment should be done with steroids.

Churg-Strauss syndrome:

1. It is a multisystem vasculitic disorder that affects the skin, lungs, kidney,s and nervous system.
2. The patient suffers from fever, malaise, anorexia, weight loss, and severe asthmatic attack.
3. Presence of pulmonary infiltrates on X-ray.
4. Peripheral blood on examination shows eosinophilia.
5. Treatment is done with steroids and immunosuppressive agents.

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Clinical Features eosinophilia.

1. Cases of pulmonary eosinophilia generally have mild symptoms in the form of a cough with mucoid expectoration, breathlessness and mild fever, dyspnea or orthopnea, wheezing
2. General weakness and exhaustion
3. Pain in the chest which is mild and different.

Diagnosis eosinophilia or Eosinophilic Asthma Test

1. Blood count shows raised eosinophilic count and IgE level.
2. A skin test is positive.
3. There is presence of high amount of eosinophils in the sputum.
4. X­ray chest shows diffuse miliary mottling often stimulating tuberculosis.

Treatment eosinophilia or Eosinophilic Asthma Treatment: By long-term steroids such as oral prednisolone 60 mg/day.