Developmental Shape Abnormalities Of Teeth

Developmental Shape Abnormalities Of Teeth

Question 1. Write short note on Turner’s tooth.

Answer. Turner’s tooth is also known as Turner’s hypoplasia.
It is a localized enamel hypoplasia caused due to local infection or trauma and tooth affcted is known as Turner’s tooth.

“Environmental factors leading to abnormal tooth shapes”

Pathogenesis

• If a deciduous tooth is affcted by dental caries when crown of succeeding permanent tooth is formed, bacterial infection involving periapical tissues may occur and this disturbs the ameloblastic layer of permanent tooth bud which leads to hypoplastic crown.
• During trauma when deciduous tooth get lodged in alveolus and disturb the budding permanent tooth bud,this results in yellowish or brownish stain or pigmentation of enamel on labial surface, at times pittng of enamel and irregularity of the tooth crown is also present.

tooth shape abnormalities

“Role of genetics in tooth shape anomalies”

Clinical Features

• The enamel defects vary from focal areas of white, yellow, or brown discoloration to extensive hypoplasia, which can involve the entire crown.
• Anterior teeth are involved less frequently because crown formation is usually complete before the development of any apical inflmmatory disease in the relatively cariesresistant anterior deciduous dentition.
• Maxillary central incisors are affcted in the majority of the cases; the maxillary lateral incisors are altered less frequently.

Question 2. Describe developmental disturbances affcting shape of tooth.

Answer. Following are the developmental disturbances affcting shape of tooth:

• Enamel pearl
• Mulberry molar
• Globodontia
• Hutchinson’s incisor.

“Impact of prenatal health on tooth development”

Twinning

Cleavage of tooth germ leads to formation of supernumerary tooth which is duplicate image of tooth from which it is developed.

Talon Cusp

• It resembles as an eagle’s talon which projects lingually from cingulum areas of a maxillary or mandibular permanent incisor.
• Talon’s cusp is more prevalent in person’s with RubinsteinTaybi syndrome.
• It blends smoothly with the tooth except that there is deep developmental groove where cusp blends with sloping lingual tooth surface.
• Talons’s cusp consists of normal enamel and dentin and consists of horn of pulp tissue.
• Major signifiance of talon’s cusp is that there is occlusal interference and there is also high incidence of caries.

“Differential diagnosis of tooth shape defects”

Dens evaginates

• It is also known as Leong’s premolar, occlusal tuberculated premolar and occlusal enamel pearl.
• It is a developmental condition which appears clinically as an accessory cusp or a globule of enamel on occlusal surface between buccal and lingual cusps of premolar.
• Dens evaginatus occur due to proliferation and evagination of an area of the inner enamel epithelium and subjacent odontogenic mesenchyme into the dental organ during early development of tooth.
• Clinical signifiance is that the extra cusp may contribute to incomplete eruption, displacement of teeth and pulp exposure with subsequent infection following occlusal wear or fracture.

developmental anomalies of tooth shape

“Fusion and gemination in tooth development”

Enamel Pearl

• It is also known as enameloma or ectopic enamel.
• Enamel pearl is a nodule of enamel which is 1 to 2 mm in diameter which form on the root, at root bifurcation, at root trifurcation.
• Enamel pearl originates due to activity of remnants of Hertwig’s epithelal before it get reduced to cell rest of Malasez.
• Clinical signifiance is that these pearls give rise to periodontal problems.

Mulberry Molar

• It occurs in syphilis.
• Posterior tooth is involved.
• In this hyperplastic enamel occur with the spherical aggregates or the globules over surface of dentin.

“Signs of developmental tooth shape abnormalities”

Globodontia

• Globodontia is the enlarged bulbous malformed posterior tooth with no discernable cusps or grooves. In this teeth have a clover leaf appearance.
• In globodontia relation between cusps and groove get eliminated.
• This condition occur both in deciduous or permanent dentition.

Hutchinson’S Incisor

• It occurs in syphilis.
• In this incisal edge show notching.
• Tooth has shape of screw driver.