Development Anomalies Of Face

Development Anomalies Of Face

Question 1. Development of face and its anomalies. (or) Development anomalies of face.
Answer:

Anomalies:

“Importance of studying facial anomalies for medical students: Questions explained”

1. Harelip – causes.
   • Non fusion of maxillary processes and medial nasal process.
   • Defective development of the frontonasal process.
   • Non fusion of two mandibular process.
2. Oblique facial cleft.
   • Arise due to non-fusion of the maxillary and lateral nasal process.
3. Macrostomia.
   • Due to inadequate fusion of maxillary and mandibular process.
4. Microstomia – Due to too much fusion.
5. Bifid nose.
   • Due to bifurcation of frontonasal process.
6. Mandibulofacial dysostosis.
7. Retrognathia or agnathia.
8. Hypertelorism – widely separated eyes.

“Understanding facial developmental anomalies through FAQs: Types, causes, and treatments explained”

Question 2. Frontonasal process
Answer:

• During the third week of embryonic development, two areas of thickened ectoderm, the olfactory areas appear immediately under the forebrain in the anterior wall of the stomodeum
• This is termed as frontonasal process
• It is the midline unpaired structure that develops into the forehead
• It is situated between the telencephalon, the stomodeum and the nasal pits
• The nasal pits indent the frontonasal process and divide into a medial and lateral nasal processes.

Facial anomalies in embryology