Complications Of Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Complications Of Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Question 1. Write down the fate and complications of tuberculosis.
Answer:

Fate of Tuberculosis

The fate of tuberculosis is divided into two parts i.e.

• The Fate of primary tuberculosis
• The fate of secondary tuberculosis.

Complications of pulmonary tuberculosis

Fate of Primary Tuberculosis

• Lesions of primary tuberculosis of the lung do not progress and heal by fibrosis with time they undergo calcification and ossification.
• In some of cases, the primary focus in the lung continues to grow and caseous material becomes disseminated via bronchi to other parts of the same lung or the opposite lung. It is known as progressive primary tuberculosis.
• Sometimes bacilli enter the circulation via erosion of a blood vessel and spread to various tissues and organs:  This is known as primary military tuberculosis and lesions are seen in organs such as the liver, spleen, kidney, brain and bone marrow.
• In low resistance and increased hypersensitivity of the host, the healed lesions of primary tuberculosis get reactivated. Bacilli lying inactivated in acellular caseous material get activated and lead to progressive secondary tuberculosis.

TB lung complications

Complications of Tuberculosis

• Aneurysms of patent arteries that cross the cavity lead to hemoptysis.
• Extension to pleura which produces bronchopleural fistula.
• Extension to pleura-producing bronchopleural fistula.
• Tuberculous empyema due to deposition of caseous material on pleural surface.
• Thickened pleura due to adhesion of parietal pleura.

Hemoptysis in tuberculosis

Question 2. Write the differences between acute and chronic inflammation.
Answer:

Following are the differences between acute and chronic inflammation: