Classification Of Beta-Adrenergic Receptor Blockers

Classify Beta-Adrenergic Receptor Blockers. Describe Important Uses, Contraindications, And Adverse Effects Of Atenolol.
Answer:

Classification Of Beta-Adrenergic Receptor Blockers

Nonselective (β1 and β2)
- Without intrinsic sympathomimetic activity: Propranolol, sotalol, timolol
- With intrinsic sympathomimetic activity: Pindolol
- With additional α blocking properties: Labetalol, carvedilol
Cardioselective β1: Metoprolol, atenolol, acebutolol, bisoprolol, esmolol, celiprolol, nebivolol.

Atenolol Uses

In young hypertensive patients who have high renin levels.
In patients with angina pectoris.
In patients with post-myocardial infarction.
In patients with migraine.
In patients with psychosomatic disorders.
It is indicated in patients who receive vasodilators to counteract reflex tachycardia.
It is indicated to subside symptoms of alcohol withdrawal.
It is also indicated to treat the symptoms of grave’s disease till antithyroid medication produces its effect.

Atenolol Contraindications

Bradycardia
Cardiogenic shock
Asthma (may cause bronchoconstriction).
Symptomatic hypotension (blood pressure of less than 90/60 mm Hg with dizziness, vertigo, etc.)
Angina of the Prinzmetal type (vasospastic angina)
Metabolic acidosis (a severe condition with more acidic blood than normal)
Severe disorders in the peripheral arterial circulation
Atrioventricular blockage of second and third-degree (a particular form of arrhythmia)
Acutely decompensated congestive heart failure [symptoms may be fluid retention with peripheral edema and/or abdominal fluid retention (ascites), and/or lung edema]
Sick sinus syndrome (a particular form of arrhythmia)
Hypersensitivity and/or allergy to atenolol
Pheochromocytoma (a rare type of tumor of the adrenal glands)
Atenolol should not be taken by patients with preexisting bronchial asthma.
Atenolol may retard fetal growth and possibly cause other abnormalities, and is classified by FDA in pregnancy category D. It should be used during pregnancy only if absolutely necessary.

Atenolol Adverse Effects

Side effects have been known to include the following:

The following more-serious side effects have also been observed and/or reported

Hallucinations
Low blood pressure (hypotension)
Skin reactions, for Example. rash, hives, flaking of the skin, worsening of psoriasis
The sensation of ‘pins and needles in hands or feet
Irritated eyes, visual disturbances
Difficulty in hearing
Difficulty in speaking
Unsteadiness when walking.

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