Cellular Organelles And Structure

Cellular Organelles And Structure

Question 1. Enumerate the important organelles present in the cytoplasm.
Answer.

Organelles are components of a cell which have a specific function, essential for the survival and propagation of the cell. These are as follows:

• Mitochondria
• Ribosomes
• Golgi apparatus
• Endoplasmic reticulum
• Lysosomes
• Centrioles
• Microfilaments and microtubules

Question 2. Write a short note on the endoplasmic reticulum.
Answer.

The endoplasmic reticulum is a network of a series of flattened interconnecting membranous tubules and sacs.

It is of two types – smooth and rough.

• Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) is devoid of ribosomal granules. It synthesizes lipids, glycogen and steroid hormones and is associated with the detoxification of drugs.
• The rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) is studded with ribosomes. The ribosomes are the sites of synthesis of new proteins, e.g. the enzymes and hormones in the cell, that are exported from the parent cell to be used by other cells of the body.