Beta Adrenoceptor Stimulants

Beta Adrenoceptor Stimulants

List At Least Two Drugs From Beta Adrenoceptor Stimulants. Describe Pharmacological Actions And Therapeutic Uses Of These Class Of Drugs.
Answer:

Beta Adrenoceptor Stimulants

1. Adrenaline.
2. Noradrenaline.

“Understanding beta adrenoceptor stimulants: Mechanisms and effects”

Pharmacological Actions

• Heart:
  • Adrenaline: It increases heart rate, the force of contraction, and conduction thus increasing the cardiac output.
  • Noradrenaline: It does not increase the heart rate but produces bradycardia due to the reflux mechanism.
• BP:
  • Adrenaline: It increases systolic BP and decreases diastolic BP.
  • Noradrenaline: It increases systolic and diastolic BP because beta 2 action is very weak.

“Techniques for managing side effects of beta adrenoceptor stimulants”

• Respiration:
  • Adrenaline: It is a potent bronchodilator
  • Noradrenaline: It does not cause bronchodilatation.
• GIT:
  • Adrenaline and noradrenaline cause gut relaxation decrease motility and cause constriction of the sphincter.
  • Bladder: It causes muscle relaxation, constriction of the sphincter, and inhibition of micturition.
  • Eye: Contraction of the radial muscle of the iris causes mydriasis.

“Importance of beta adrenoceptor stimulants in respiratory care”

Therapeutic Uses Of Adrenaline

The following are the therapeutic uses of adrenaline:

• Anaphylactic shock: Adrenaline acts as a life-saving drug in anaphylactic shock and also in Type I hypersensitivity reaction. It should be given as 0.3 to 0.5 ml of 1:1000 solution and is given IM.
• Allergy: It reverses the manifestations of allergic disorders.
  Adrenaline along with the lignocaine due to its vasoconstrictor effect causes late absorption of local anesthetic and prolongs the duration of local anesthesia.

“Common types of beta adrenoceptor stimulants explained”

• Bronchial asthma: Adrenaline acts as a powerful bronchodilator in bronchial asthma. It is very useful during acute attacks. It should be given 0.3 to 0.5 ml of 1:1000 solution SC
• Hemostatic: Adrenaline acts as a local hemostatic for the control of bleeding from tooth extraction and also in various other surgical procedures.
• Cardiac arrest: Adrenaline is used in the treatment of cardiac arrest which happens due to drowning or electrocution. Adrenaline is given IV in 1:10000 concentration with other supportive measures.
• Glaucoma: Adrenaline is used in glaucoma as it shows poor penetration when it is applied locally in the eye, so it should be given as a prodrug.

“Treatment options using beta adrenoceptor stimulants in emergencies”

Therapeutic Uses of Noradrenaline

It raises blood pressure in hypotensives.