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BDS Notes

BDS notes, Question and Answers

  • Public Health Dentistry
  • Periodontics
  • Pharmacology
  • Pathology
  • Orthodontics
    • Anchorage In Orthodontics
    • Mandibular Growth, Functional Matrix
    • Retention and Relapse
  • General Surgery
    • Cysts: Types, Causes, Symptoms
    • Maxillofacial Fractures, Disorders, and Treatments
    • Lymphatic Disorders
    • Neurological and Facial Disorders
  • Temporal And Infratemporal Regions
    • Spinal and Neuroanatomy
  • Dental Materials
    • Dental Amalgam

Kristensmith Taylor

A Complete Guide To The Primary Mandibular Second Molar

February 5, 2026 by Kristensmith Taylor Leave a Comment

A Complete Guide To The Primary Mandibular Second Molar Describe in detail about Primary Mandibular Second Molar. Answer: Primary Mandibular Second Molar Buccal aspect: It is wider at the cervical portion. Mesiobuccal and distobuccal developmental grooves divide the buccal surface into mesiobuccal, buccal, and distobuccal cusp. Roots appear slender and long. … [Read more...] about A Complete Guide To The Primary Mandibular Second Molar

Hemoglobinopathies: Causes, Types, And Clinical Significance

February 5, 2026 by Kristensmith Taylor Leave a Comment

Hemoglobinopathies: Causes, Types, And Clinical Significance Question 1. Abnormal hemoglobins. Answer: Abnormal hemoglobins are the result of mutations in the genes that code for the a and b chains of globin. As many as 400 mutant hemoglobins are known. About 95% of them are due to alteration in a single amino acid of globin. Hemoglobinopathies: It is a term used … [Read more...] about Hemoglobinopathies: Causes, Types, And Clinical Significance

Heme Breakdown And Bilirubin Excretion Explained

February 5, 2026 by Kristensmith Taylor Leave a Comment

Heme Breakdown And Bilirubin Excretion Explained Question 1. Degradation of heme Answer: Heme is split into iron & pigment biliverdin Iron goes to the iron pool & is reused Biliverdin is reduced to bilirubin by biliverdin reductase Bilirubin is released into the blood It is taken up by liver cells & gets conjugated This conjugated bilirubin is … [Read more...] about Heme Breakdown And Bilirubin Excretion Explained

Bile Pigments And Bile Salts: Formation, Function, And Lab Tests

February 5, 2026 by Kristensmith Taylor Leave a Comment

Bile Pigments And Bile Salts: Formation, Function, And Lab Tests Question 1. Bile pigment formation Answer: Bile pigments are biliverdin & bilirubin They are formed by heme degradation Question 2. What are bile salts? How are they tested in the laboratory? Answer: Bile salts are the sodium & potassium salts of bile acids which are conjugated with … [Read more...] about Bile Pigments And Bile Salts: Formation, Function, And Lab Tests

Phenylalanine Metabolism: From Amino Acid To Tyrosine

February 5, 2026 by Kristensmith Taylor Leave a Comment

Phenylalanine Metabolism: From Amino Acid To Tyrosine Name the aromatic amino acids. Describe the metabolism of any one of them. Answer: Aromatic amino acids: Phenylalanine Tyrosine Tryptophan. Metabolism of phenylalanine: Conversion of phenylalanine to tyrosine. Phenylalanine is hydroxylated at the para position by phenylalanine hydroxylase to … [Read more...] about Phenylalanine Metabolism: From Amino Acid To Tyrosine

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