Antiseptics And Disinfectants Question And Answers

Antiseptics And Disinfectants Question And Answers

Write A Short Note On Antiseptics.
Answer:

Chemically antiseptics may be inorganic agents capable of producing antiseptics such as mercury preparations or organic such as carbolic acids (Phenol).

Oxidizing disinfectants liberate oxygen when in contact with pus or organic substances.

When in use they should be washed away and replaced frequently to help remove pus, blood, and other substances. Different type of bacterias is sensitive to different septic agents.

“Understanding the role of antiseptics in wound care”

“Importance of studying antiseptics and disinfectants for healthcare professionals”

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• A good antiseptic should be:
  • Chemically stable.
  • Cheap
  • Nonstaining with agreeable color and odor
  • It should be active against all pathogens like bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protozoa
  • Active even in the presence of blood, pus, exudates, and excreta
  • It is tidal and not merely static, destroying spores as well
  • Able to spread through organic films and enter fold and crevices
  • It requires a brief time of exposure.

Antiseptics Mechanism Of Action

• Oxidation of bacterial protoplasm.
• Denaturation of bacterial proteins including enzymes.
• Detergent-like action increases the permeability of the bacterial membranes.
• Competition with essential substrates for the important enzymes in bacterial cells.

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Antiseptics Factor Affecting Antiseptics

• Temperature and pH
• Period of contact with microorganisms
• Nature of the microbe involved
• Size of inoculum
• Presence of pus, blood, and other organic matter.

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Antiseptics Classifiation

• Phenol derivatives: Phenol, cresol, hexylresorcinol, chloroxylenol
• Oxidizing agent: Potassium permanganate, hydrogen peroxide
• Halogens: Iodine, chlorine, iodophor, chloroform
• Biguanides: Chlorhexidine
• Quaternary ammonium: Cetrimide, cetylpyridinium chloride, benzalkonium chloride

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• Soaps: Soaps of sodium and potassium
• Alcohols: Ethanol, isopropanol
• Aldehydes: Formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde
• Acid: Boric acid, acetic acid
• Metallic salts: Zinc oxide, silver nitrate, silver sulfadiazine
• Dyes: Acriflavine, gentian violet
• Furan derivatives: Nitrofurazone.

“Signs of microbial elimination with antiseptics and disinfectants”

Antiseptics Uses

• Surgical antisepsis
• Cleaning of wounds and sepsis
• Acne vulgaris
• Before scaling.