Amoebiasis Question and Answers

Amoebiasis

Disease Is Caused By an Infection By a Protozoan Parasite.

Entamoeba histolytica, which gets lodged in the large intestine, causes dysentery and may spread to the liver and other organs.

Management of Amoebiasis

Investigations of Amoebiasis

• Stool examination: Shows various forms of E. histolytic
• Serological test
• Sigmoidoscopy for ulcer.
• Immunofluorescence test for autoantibodies

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Treatment of Amoebiasis

• Nitroimidazole classes of antimicrobial agents are the main drugs of treatment.
  • Metronidazole 400 to 800 mg TDS 5 to 7 days.
  • Tinidazole 2 gm as sa ingle or divided three-day dose.
  • Secnidazole 2 gm as a single dose.
  • Diloxanide furoate: It should be added because it has effect on cysts. It is given 500 mg TDS for 10 days.
    Metronidazole has no effect on cysts.
• General supportive measures and fluid and electrolyte imbalance correction are there.
• The diet given should be soft, liquid, or semi­liquid.

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Amoebic Dysentery

Answer. Amoebic dysentery is caused by a protozoan called Entamoeba histolytica.

• Entamoeba histolytica exists in two forms, i.e., trophozoite and cystic stage.
• Trophozoites are responsible for the production of disease and cysts are responsible for the transmission of disease.
• Reservoir of infection: Man is the only known reservoir.
• Mode of transmission: Fecal­oral route, i.e., through contaminated food and water.
• The incubation period is two to four months or longer.

Symptoms Of Amoebiasis

1. The patient has diarrhea and passes 10–15 stools per day.
2. Presence of abdominal pain.
3. Stools consist of blood and mucus.
4. Flatulence is present.
5. Fever is present between 38 and 40 degrees with rigors.

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Signs Of Amoebiasis

1. Palpation of the abdomen shows diffuse tenderness.
2. Chronic cases show a thickened, tender sigmoid colon.
3. An amoeba is felt as a sausage-shaped mass in the right iliac fossa.
4. Tender hepatomegaly is present.

Amoebiasis: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

Signs, Symptoms, And Treatment Of Amoebiasis

Amoebiasis is the infection of the gastrointestinal tract by the protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica.

Symptoms Amoebiasis

• The patient has diarrhea and passes 10–15 stools per day.
• Presence of abdominal pain.
• Stools consist of blood and mucus.
• Flatulence is present.
• Fever is present between 38 and 40° with rigours.

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Signs amoebiasis

• Palpation of the abdomen shows diffuse tenderness.
• Chronic cases show a thickened tender sigmoid colon.
• An amoeba is felt as a sausage-shaped mass in the right iliac fossa.
• Tender hepatomegaly is present.

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Treatment Amoebiasis

• Diloxanide furoate is given 500 mg TDS × 10 days.
• Metronidazole Or Ornidazole 500 mg TDS × 5 days
• Secnidazole plus 2 gm single dose is given
• Nitazoxanide 500 mg BD is given
• Dehydroemetine 1.5 mg / kg / day × 5 days IM