Acclimatization And Its Impact On Heart And Lungs

Acclimatization And Its Impact On Heart And Lungs

Question 1. Kortkoff sounds
Answer:

• Korotkoff sounds are blood flow sounds that clinician observe while taking blood pressure with a sphygmomanometer over the brachial artery in the antecubital fossa.
• These sounds appear and disappear as the blood pressure cuff is inflated and deflated.
• There are five kortokoff sounds
• Appearance of first sound indicates systolic blood pressure
• Disappearance of sound helps to measure the diastolic blood pressure.

Question 2. In what forms can carbon dioxide be transported?
Answer:

Forms of carbon dioxide:

• As dissolved form – 7%
• As carbonic acid – negligible
• As carbamino compounds -30%
• As bicarbonate – 63%

Question 3. Acclimatization
Answer:

• Acclimatization refers to the adaptations or the adjustment by the body in high attitude
• While staying at high attitude for several days to several weeks the body gets slowly adapted to the low oxygen tension

Changes Acclimatization occurs:

• Changes in blood
  • RBC count, PCC, Haemoglobin content and oxygen carrying capacity of blood increases
• Changes in cardiovascular system
  • Increase in rate and force of contraction of heart
  • Increase in cardiac output and blood pressure
• Respiratory system
  • Pulmonary hypertension develops
  • Pulmonary ventilation increases
  • Diffusing capacity of gases increases
• Changes in tissues
  • Increase in the number of mitochondria