Anticoagulants
Write Short Note On Anticoagulants.
Answer:
Anticoagulants are drugs that reduce the coagulability of the blood.
Anticoagulants Classifiation
1. Used in vivo
- Parenteral anticoagulant: Heparin, low molecular weight heparin, heparin sulfate
- Oral anticoagulants:
- Coumarin derivatives: Bishydroxycoumarin, Warfarin sodium, Acenocoumarol
- Indandione derivative: Phenindione
2. Used in vitro
- Heparin
- Calcium complexing agents: Sodium citrate, sodium oxalate, sodium edentate
Therapeutic Uses Of Anticoagulants
- In deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism: Since venous thrombi are firing so anticoagulants are highly effective. In cases with pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis treatment for 3 months should be employed.
- Myocardial infarction: In this anticoagulants prevents the extension of the thrombus and prevent the recurrent attack.
- Unstable angina: Short-term use of heparin reduces the occurrence of myocardial infarction in unstable angina patients.
- Rheumatic heart disease, atrial fibrillation: Warfarin or low-dose heparin is effective in preventing stroke. Anticoagulants should be given a month before and after converting atrial fibrillation to sinus rhythm.
- Vascular surgery, prosthetic heart valves, retinal vessel thrombosis, extracorporeal circulation, and hemodialysis: In all these anticoagulants are indicated with antiplatelet drugs for prevention of thromboembolism.
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