Atropine In Iridocyclitis

Atropine In Iridocyclitis

Question 1. Discuss Pharmacological Basis Of Use Of Atropine In Iridocyclitis.
Answer:

Iridocyclitis is inflammation of the iris and ciliary muscle. Inflammation in the iris leads to hyperemic dilatation of blood vessels and exudation of fluids, resulting in swelling and pupil contraction.
So now the iris contacts the lens and adheres to it. To prevent this, atropine is used as a drop. Atropine is used in iridocyclitis because of the following advantages.

• It relaxes the iris and ciliary body by inducing cycloplegia and mydriasis.
• It reduces hyperemia.

Question 2. Write Briefly On Therapeutic Uses Of Atropine.
Or
Write A short note on the therapeutic uses of atropine.
Answer:

The following are the therapeutic uses of atropine:

• In the ophthalmic system
  • It is used as a mydriatic and cycloplegic for testing the refraction.
  • It is used as a mydriatic for fundoscopic examination.
  • It is used in iridocyclitis to break and prevent adhesion between the iris and lens.
• Preanesthetic medication: Atropine is used before giving general anesthesia to:
  • Prevent vagal bradycardia at the time of anesthesia.
  • Prevent laryngospasm by decreasing respiratory secretions.

Atropine in Iridocyclitis: Mechanism of Action and Clinical Uses

• In poisoning
  • It acts as a life-saving drug in organophosphorus poisoning.
  • In some of the mushroom poisonings, it is the first drug of choice to be used.
• As an anti­spasmodic: Atropine is used as an anti-spasmodic drug in dysmenorrhea, intestinal colic, and renal colic.
• As vagolytic: It is useful for treating sinus bradycardia and partial heart block, which occur due to an increase in vagal activity. Due to its vagolytic effect, it improves AV conduction.
• In peptic ulcer: It decreases gastric secretion in fasting as well as in the neurogenic phase and provides symptomatic relief in peptic ulcer.
• In pulmonary embolism, Atropine provides benefits by reducing the reflux secretions.
• In bronchial asthma and COPD, Atropine leads to the drying off of the secretion in the respiratory tract and leads to the plugging of bronchioles.

Atropine for Iridocyclitis: Dosage, Administration, and Benefits

Question 3. Write Down The Drug Treatment Of Organophosphorus Poisoning.
Answer:

The following is the drug treatment for organophosphorus poisoning.

• Atropine is given 2 mg IV repeatedly every 10 min. till dryness of the mouth or other signs of atropinization may be required for 1-2 weeks.
• Pralidoxime is injected IV in doses of 1 to 2 g.
• Diazepam should be given to control convulsions
• IV saline should be given.