Maxillary Artery: Branches & Anatomy

Maxillary Artery: Branches & Anatomy

“What is the maxillary artery? A detailed question and answers guide”

Question 1. First part of maxillary artery
Answer:

• Maxillary artery is the largest terminal branch of external carotid artery arising behind the neck of the mandible within the substance of parotid gland
• During its course it is divided into three parts

First part of maxillary artery:

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Question 2. Third part of maxillary artery
Answer:

• Maxillary artery is the largest terminal branch of external carotid artery arising behind the neck of the mandible within the substance of parotid gland

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Question 3. Mandibular nerve
Answer:

Mandibular nerve Origin:

• Originates in the middle cranial fossa through its roots

Mandibular nerve Root fibres:

• It has two roots

1. 1. Sensory rootlarge root
   2. Motor rootsmall root

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Mandibular nerve Branches:

1. From the main trunk
   1. Meningeal branch
   2. Nerve to medial pterygoid
2. From anterior trunk
   1. Buccal nerve
   2. Masseteric nerve
   3. Deep temporal nerve
   4. Nerve to lateral pterygoid
3. From posterior trunk
   1. Auriculotemporal nerve
   2. Lingual nerve
   3. Inferior alveolar nerve

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Mandibular nerve Termination:

• It terminates by dividing into small anterior trunk and large posterior trunk

Mandibular nerve Applied aspects:

• Motor root of mandibular nerve is tested by asking the patient of clench her/his teeth
• In carcinoma of tongue pain is radiated to ear and temporal fossa
• To treat trigeminal neuralgia, sensory root of nerve is divided behind the ganglion
• Mandibular nerve supplies efferent and afferent loops of jawjerk reflex
• During extraction of mandibular teeth inferior alveolar nerve block is given