Oxygen-Haemoglobin Curve

Oxygen-Haemoglobin Curve

Question 1. Oxygen-Haemoglobin Curve.
Answer:

Oxygen Haemoglobin Dissociation Curve:

• The relationship between the partial pressure of oxygen and the percentage saturation of haemoglobin with oxygen is explained graphically by the oxygen haemoglobin dissociation curve
• It is simoid shaped
  • Lower part of curve
    • Indicates dissociation of oxygen from haemoglobin
  • Upper part of curve
    • Indicates acceptance of oxygen by haemoglobin depending upon the partial pressure

Amount of Oxygen Transported in this Form:

• Arterial blood – 19 ml per 100 ml of blood
• Venous blood – 13.88 ml per 100 ml of blood

“Understanding the oxygen-haemoglobin curve through FAQs: Composition, functions, and uses explained”

Question 2. Write a note on different lung volumes and capacities with the help of a diagram. (or) Draw a neat labelled diagram of spirogram and explain various lung volumes and capacities.
Answer:

Lung volumes:

“Importance of studying the oxygen-haemoglobin curve for medical students: Questions explained”

Lung capacities:

• They are combination of two or more lung volumes.

“Common challenges in mastering oxygen-haemoglobin curve notes effectively: FAQs provided”

“Factors influencing success with oxygen-haemoglobin curve studies: Q&A”

Question 3. What is asphyxia? What are the stages and symptoms of asphyxia?
Answer:

Asphyxia:

• It is the condition characterised by the combination of hypoxia and hypercapnia due to obstruction of air passage

“Steps to explain functions of the oxygen-haemoglobin curve: Oxygen loading vs unloading: Q&A guide”

Question 4. Define and discuss 

1. Vital capacity 

2. Apnoea
Answer:

Vital capacity:

• It is the maximum volume of air that can be expelled out forcefully after a deep inspiration
• It includes inspiratory reserve volume, expiratory reserve volume and tidal volume.

Value:

• Vital capacity inspiratory reserve volume + expiratory reserve volume + tidal volume = 3300+1000+500 = 4800 ml

Factors affecting it:

• Sex
• Age
• Body built
• Posture
• Pregnancy
• Presence of respiratory diseases

Apnoea:

• It is defined as temporary cessation of breathing

“Role of oxygen loading in pulmonary capillaries: Questions answered”

Apnea time:

• Normal apnea time is about 40-60 second in normal person after a deep inspiration

Apnea time Types:

• Deglutition apnea – occurs during deglutition
• Voluntary apnea – occurs voluntarily
• Vagal apnea – occurs due to stimulation of vagus nerve
• Adrenaline apnea – occurs after injection of adrenaline
• Hyperventilation apnea – occurs after hyperventilation

Apnea time Effect:

• Prolonged apnea results in the accumulation of carbon dioxide which stimulates respiratory center.