The Mechanics Of Breathing: Inspiration, Expiration, And Muscle Function

The Mechanics Of Breathing: Inspiration, Expiration, And Muscle Function

Question 1. Respiratory muscles:
Answer:

1. Inspiratory Muscles:

• Respiratory muscles involved during inspiration are called inspiratory muscles.
  1. Primary inspiratory muscles:
     • Muscles which change the size of thoracic cage during quiet breathing are called primary inspiratory muscles.
  2. Acessory inspiratory muscles:
     • Muscles that act during forced respiration are called accessory inspiratory muscles.

2. Expiratory Muscles:

• Muscles involved in expiration are called expiratory muscles.
  1. Primary expiratory muscles.
     • These muscles are responsible for change in size of thoracic cage during quiet breathing.
  2. Accessory expiratory muscles.
     • These muscles help during forced respiration.

Question 2. Outline the mechanics of respiration.
Answer:

Respiration Mechanism:

1. Respiration Inspiration:

• It is active process.
• Following changes occurs.

2. Respiration  Expiration:

• It is passive process.
• It involves.
  1. Contraction of anterior abdominal wall muscles.
     • Brings ribs to their normal position.
     • Pushes diaphragm upwards.
  2. Contraction of internal intercostals muscles.
     • Pulls the upper ribs downwards.