Cortical vs Juxtamedullary Nephrons: A Comparison

Cortical vs Juxtamedullary Nephrons: A Comparison

Question 1. Distinguish between cortical nephrons and juxtamedullary nephrons.
Answer:

• Based on the situation of renal corpusles the nephrons are classified into.
  1. Cortical nephron
  2. Juxtamedullary nephron.

Question 2. Proximal convoluted tubule.
Answer:

• It is the coiled portion arising from Bowman’s capsule.

Location:

• It is present in the cortex near the glomerulus.

Size:

• Length 14 mm
• Diameter 55 μ.

Histology:

• It consist of single layer of cuboidal epithelial cells.
• The border of these cells is formed by numerous microvilli, so called brush border.
• They are hair like projections that are directed towards the lumen of tubule.
• Microvilli markedly increases the surface area for absorption.

Function:

• Proximal convoluted tubule is responsible for about 80% of sodium active transport out of the tubular fluid into the peritubular capillaries