Understanding Genetic Code And Its Role In Protein Synthesis

Understanding Genetic Code And Its Role In Protein Synthesis

Question 1. Describe the features of genetic code (or) Characteristics of genetic code
Answer:

1. Universality

• The same codons are used to code for the same amino acids in all the living organisms

2. Specificity

• A particular codon always codes for the same amino acids

3. Non-overlapping

• Genetic code is read from a fixed point as a continuous base sequence

4. Degenerate

• Most of amino acids have more than one codon
• This is because there are 61 codons for 20 amino acids

Question 2. Differences between DNA &. RNA.
Answer:

Question 3. Gout
Answer:

• Gout is a metabolic disorder associated with the overproduction of uric acid
• Due to excess uric acid, forms crystals of sodium really
• This gets deposited in the soft tissues, particularly in joints resulting in inflammation of joints and painful gouty arthritis

Types:

1. Primary gout

• It is an inborn error of metabolism due to the overproduction of uric acid

2. Secondary gout

• Occurs due to various diseases like various cancers, psoriasis, and increased tissue breakdown.

Treatment:

• Allopurinol is a drug of choice
• It is oxidized to alloxanthine by xanthine oxidase
• Alloxanthine is an inhibitor of xanthine oxidase
• Thus allopurinol acts by suicide inhibition mechanism