Gastric Emptying

Gastric Emptying

Give an account of the factors influencing gastric emptying.

Answer:

Factors influencing gastric emptying:

1. Volume of gastric content.

• Gastric emptying is directly proportional to the volume.
• More the content, rapidly it is emptied into the intestine.

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2. Consistency of gastric content.

• Rate of gastric emptying is directly proportional to the square root of volume of liquid meal remaining in the stomach.
• Liquids leave the stomach rapidly.
• Solids move out of the stomach only after being converted into fluid or semifluid.

3. Chemical composition.

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4. pH of the gastric content.

• The gastric chyme with low pH leaves the stomach slowly.

5. Osmolar concentration of gastric content.

• The gastric content, which is isotonic to blood, leaves the stomach rapidly than the hypotonic and hypertonic content.

6. Products of protein digestion and acid in duodenum act via stimulating receptors in the duodenal mucosa and decrease gastric emptying.

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7. Size of duodenal osmoreceptors.

1. Hypo-osmolar chyme.
   • Causes distension of osmoreceptors.
   • Mildly inhibit the rate of gastric emptying.
2. Hyperosmolar chyme.
   • Causes shrinkage of osmoreceptors.
   • Markedly inhibit the gastric emptying.

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