Acetyl-CoA

Acetyl-CoA

Question 1. What are the various sources for the formation of acetyl CoA in the body and how it is oxidized to CO₂ and water?
Answer:

Sources of Acetyl CoA:

• In mitochondrial matrix.
• Oxidation of pyruvate and fatty acids.
• Degradation of the carbon skeleton of certain minor acids.
• Ketone bodies.

Oxidation of Acetyl CoA:

• Acetyl CoA is oxidized to C02 and water through the citric acid cycle.
• Refer to Question No. 7 of the Long Essay.

“Understanding Acetyl-CoA through FAQs: Metabolism, functions, and uses explained”

Question 2. Describe the HMP pathway.
Answer:

Hexose monophosphate pathway:

• Pentose phosphate pathway.

Features:

• Alternative pathway to glycolysis and TCA cycle for the oxidation of glucose.
• It is more anabolic in nature.
• No ATP is directly utilized or produced.

Role of Acetyl-CoA in metabolism

“Importance of studying Acetyl-CoA for biochemistry students: Questions explained”

Location:

• Located in the cytosol.

Reactions:

1. Oxidative phase: [It is concerned with the interconversion of monosaccharides.

“Common challenges in mastering Acetyl-CoA notes effectively: FAQs provided”

• Initially ribulose 5 – phosphate is converted to.
• Xylulose 5 – phosphate by an epimerase
• Ribose 5 – phosphate by ribose 5- phosphate
  keto isomerase.

Next, the following reactions occur and the carbon atoms are interconverted.

2. Non-oxidative Phase:

• It is concerned with the interconversion of monosaccharides.
• Initially ribulose 5 – phosphate is converted to.
• Xylulose 5 – phosphate by an epimerase
• Ribose 5 – phosphate by ribose 5- phosphate keto isomerase.

Next, the following reactions occur and the carbon atoms are interconverted.

Acetyl-CoA production from pyruvate

“Steps to explain the role of Acetyl-CoA in biosynthesis: Fatty acids vs cholesterol vs ketone bodies: Q&A guide”

“Why is Acetyl-CoA critical for cellular energy production? Answered”

• Fructose 6 – phosphate and glyceraldehydes 3 – phosphate can be further catabolized through glycolysis and citric acid cycle.

“Factors influencing success with Acetyl-CoA studies: Q&A”

Significance:

• The HMP pathway generates two important products.