Vitamins And Coenymes

Vitamins And Coenymes

Question 1. Name Coenzymes of niacin, Riboflavin, Pyridoxine & thiamine 
Answer:

Coenzymes of:

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1. Niacin
   • Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NAD+
   • Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, NADP+
2. Riboflavin
   • Flavin mononucleotide, FMN
   • Flavin adenine dinucleotide, FAD
3. Pyridoxine
   • Pyridoxal phosphate, PLP
4. Thiamine
   • Thiamine pyrophosphate, TPP

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Question 2. Biological functions of pyridoxine
Answer:

1. The Coenzyme of Pyridoxine, Pyridoxal phosphate, PLP, is attached to the delta amino group of lysine
2. It participates in reactions like
   1. Transamination
      • It converts amino acids to keto acids – These keto acids enter the TCA cycle & generates energy
      • PLP interacts with amino acids to form Schiff base
   2. Decarboxylation
      • Many amines are synthesized by PLP Decarboxylation
      • They are:
      • Serotonin
      • Histamine
      • Gamma amino butyric acid
      • Catecholamines
   3. Deamination
      • The Hydroxyl group-containing amino acids require PLP
   4. Transsulfuration
      • It involves the transfer of sulfur from homocysteine to serine
      • It requires PLP-dependent cystathionine synthase
3. Synthetic functions
   • Synthesis of niacin Coenzymes from tryptophan
   • Synthesis of serine from glycine
4. Glycogen phosphorylase contains PLP
5. It is needed for the intestinal absorption of amino acids
6. It prevents urinary stone formation

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