Oral Manifestations In Patients With Diabetes Mellitus

Oral Manifestations In Patients With Diabetes Mellitus

Oral Manifestations of Diabetes Mellitus

“Pathophysiology of oral manifestations in diabetes explained”

• Gingival and periodontal disease
  • It will influence the onset and course of periodontal disease. Patients with diabetes are more prone to develop periodontal disease than those with normal glucose metabolism. There is tendency for bleeding on probing.
  • Patient may exhibit fulminating periodontitis with periodontal abscess formation and inflamed painful abscess and even hemorrhagic gingival papillae, this factor culminated and give rise to tooth mobility.
  • It will show more severe and rapid alveolar bone resorption and are more prone to develop periodontal abscess.
  • Insulin dependent children tends to have more destruction around first molars and incisors than elsewhere.

diabetes oral manifestations

“Role of blood sugar levels in oral health”

“Diabetes and its impact on gums and teeth”

• Median rhomboid glossitis
  • Diabetes is considered to be factor for median rhomboid glossitis as frequency of abnormal blood sugar level in diabetes and predisposition of these subjects to candidiasis.
  • Impairment of blood supply to dorsum of tongue due to arteriosclerotic changes in blood vessels supplying area.
  • Impairment of Local immense mechanisms which decreases concentration of Langerhans’ cells in lesion.
• Oral candidiasis: It is infection with Candida albicans which occurs due to encouragement of local multiplication of Candida albicans due to impaired glucose level and immune mechanism.

“Periodontitis in patients with diabetes mellitus”

gum disease and diabetes

• Localized osteitis: Dry socket develops in the diabetes, hence they show delayed healing and impaired immunological balance.
• Burning mouth: It is associated with variety of otherwise unexplained oral symptoms such as burning sensation, atypical paresis, dysentery and dysgeusia.
• Other features:
  • Increased caries activity. Due to excessive fluid loss patient complains of xerostomia.
  • Atrophy of lingual papilla with fissuring or dry tongue.
  • Delay in healing of oral wound due to decreased polymorphonuclear chemotaxis.
  • There is also angular cheilosis, altered taste sensation, oral lichen planus and diffuse enlargement of parotid gland.