Shock: Signs, Causes, And Types
Question 1. Enumerate different types of shock and discuss management of hypovolemic shock.
Answer.
Hypovolemic Shock Enumeration of types of Shock
- Vasovagal shock
- Neurogenic shock
- Hypovolemic shock
- Cardiogenic shock
- Cardiac compression shock
- Septic shock
- Anaphylactic shock.
“Symptoms Of Hypovolemic Shock”
Question 2. Write short note on vasovagal shock.
Answer.
- This is a response to sudden fear or severe pain and the effects from slight fainting fi to death.
- This type of shock is also known as neurogenic or psychogenic shock.
- There is sudden pooling of blood in the capacitance vessels of legs and splanchnic arterial bed.
This causes reduced cardiac output and shock. It can be life-threatening due to hypoxia.
“The Role Of Iv Fluids In Treating Hypovolemic Shock”
Vasovagal Shock Pathophysiology
- Nucleus tractus solitarius of the brainstem is activated directly or indirectly by the triggering stimulus.
- Simultaneous enhancement of parasympathetic nervous system, i.e. vagal tone and withdrawal of sympathetic nervous system tone, which causes either cardioinhibitory response or vasodepressor response
- The cardioinhibitory response is characterized by a drop in heart rate, i.e. negative chronotropic effct and in contrac-
tility, i.e. negative ianotropic effct which causes decrease in cardiac output. - Unconsciousness or vasodepressor response is caused by a drop in blood pressure as low as 80/20 without much change in heart rate.
“Risk Factors For Hypovolemic Shock”
Vasovagal Shock Clinical Features
- History of emotional stress or pain of a sudden nature.
- Bradycardia or pallor.
- Tachypnea
- Fainting
- Reflexes are usually intact.
“Early Signs Of Vasovagal Shock”
Vasovagal Shock Management
- Place the patient flt or in head low position.
- Ensure potency of airway
- IV atropine may be needed for persistent or increasing
bradycardia.
Leave a Reply